A study of clinical, radio-imaging and biochemical profile of Dengue patients in relation with outcome in central Indian hospital

Abstract

Objective: Dengue fever is most important arbo-viral disease in India and other tropical and subtropical countries with increasing prevalence in recent years with significant morbidity and mortality. This study was aimed to evaluate clinical & hematological features and outcome in central Indian adult population.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study undertaken among adult patients admitted in a teaching hospital. 105 patients were analyzed. All patients who were IgM-ELISA positive irrespective of their card test status were included in study. Clinical features and hematological, biochemical & radiological findings are noted.

Results: Total 105 dengue patients were included 22 ware of Dengue fever without warning signs (DFWOWS), 65 in Dengue fever with warning signs (DFWWS) and 18 were Severe Dengue (SD) group. Male: female ratio was 1.14:1. Most common age group affected was 21-30 Yrs. Most of cases reported in month of September and October. Clinical features noted most common was fever (96.2%); myalgia (57.1%), headache (40%), vomiting (24%), retro-orbital pain (26.6%), abdominal pain (26.6%), patechie (34.2%), rash (41.9%), and positive tourniquet test (56.1%). Major bleeding (25.7%), among them most common was gut bleeding. Complications were noted in SD group. Blood transfusion required in 43.8% cases. Coagulopathy was noted in 72.2% cases of DSS. No mortality was noted in our study.

Conclusion: Dengue is increased with increasing urbanization & poor sanitation. Dengue has wide spectrum of clinical and hematological presentation. Significant morbidity occurs in DHF and DSS. It is a low mortality illness if prompt diagnosis and proper fluid management instituted in DHF and DSS. Platelet transfusion has a little role in dengue management.