Epidemiology of oral poisoning in paediatrics age group
Abstract
Introduction: Poisoning in children is a common and preventable cause of morbidity and mortality. Our environment is still not child-safe and the medications are not dispensed in a child-safe manner. The incidence of childhood poisoning in India varies from 0.3 to 7.6 percent. Poisoning accounts for 0.03% of mortality in infants, 0.16% in preschool age group and 0.37% of in five to fourteen year’s age group as per the statistics projected by Government of India. The poisoning in paediatric age group includes obsolescent traditional poisons, the in fashion intoxications with recreational drugs as well as chronic exposure to industrial chemicals. The peak incidence of accidental overdoses is in the second year of life and 85% of accidental poisoning affect children under five years of age.
Methodology: This is a prospective case controlled study done over a period of two years. The study was conducted in S C B Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha.
Results: The poisoning constitutes 1.15% of total paediatric admissions. The commonest type of poisoning was due to Non-Medicaments (56 cases – 78.87%), out of which the commonest poisoning was due to hydrocarbons.
Conclusion: Non medicament ingestions particularly kerosene still one of the very common toxic ingestion in children used in accidental poisoning cases.
Downloads
References
Utpal Kant Singh, FC Layland, Rajniti Prasad, Shivani Singh (eds), Poisoning in Children Indian J Pediatr (2013) 80: 798.
Singh S, Singhi S, Sood NK, Kumar L, Walia BNS. Changing pattern of childhood poisoning (1970-1989): experience of a large ,north Indian hospital. Indian Pediatr 1995; 32: 331-6.
Khadgawat R, Garg P, Bansal P, Arya A, Choudhary B. Accidental poisoning. Indian pediatrics. Volume-31 December 1999:1555-1557.
Basu M, Kundu T K, Dasgupta M K, Das D K, Saha I, Poisoning, Sting and Bites in children-what is new ? An experience from a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata Indian Journal of Public Health Vol. 53 No4 October-December.2009.
Petridou E, Kouri N, Polychronopoulou A, Siafas K, Stoikidou M, Trichopoulos D. Risk factors for childhood poisoning: a case-control study in Greece. Inj Prev. 1996 Sep;2(3):208-11.
Gupta P, Singh RP, Murali MV, Bhargava SK, Sharma P. Kerosene oil poisoning--a childhood menace. Indian Pediatr. 1992 Aug;29(8):979-84.
Sharma J, Kaushal RK. Profile of Poisoning in Children. Pediatric Oncall 2014;11(2): DOI : https://doi.org/10.7199/ped.oncall.2014.28.
Jadhav S, Rathi S, Biakthansangi B, Kondekar S. Clinical profile of poisoning in children: A hospital based study. Int J Contemp Pediatr 2016;3:709-1.
Brata Ghosh V, Jhamb U, Singhal R, Krishnan R. Common childhood poisonings and their outcome in a tertiary care center in Delhi. Indian J Pediatr. 2013 Jun;80(6):516-8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-012-0879-5. Epub 2012 Sep 2.
Tarvadi VK, Bakkannabar SM, Manjunath M, Palimar V, Kumar GP, Shetty M. Trend of poisoning among children at Kasturba Hospital, Manipal. NUJHS Vol-3, no 2, June 2013, ISSN 2249-7110.
Roy MP, Gupta R, Bhatt M, Aggarwal KC. Profile of Children Hospitalized with Acute Poisoning in New Delhi. Indian Pediatr. 2017 Mar 15;54(3):246-247. Epub 2017 Feb 2.
Bhat NK, Dhar M, Ahmed S, Chandar V. Profile of poisoning in children and adolescent at North Indian territory care center. J Indian Acad Clin Med 2011;13:37-42.
Kohli U, Kuttiat VS, Lodha R, Kabra SK. Profile of childhood poisoning at a tertiary care centre in North India. Indian J Pediatr. 2008 Aug;75(8):791-4. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-008-0105-7. Epub 2008 Jun 25.
Budhathoki S, Poudel P, Bhatta NK, Dutta AK, Shah GS, Bhurtyel KK, Agrawal B, Sribastava MK and Singh MK. Clinical profile and outcome of poisoning and intoxication in children: A hospital based study. Nepal Med Coll J 2009;11(3):170-175.
Devaranavadagi RA, Patel S, Shankar P. A study on profile of poisoning in pediatric population. Int J Contemp Pediatr 2017;4:1-6.
Rajendra Singh, Shalender Kumar. Study of Current Trends of Poisoning in Children in Bikaner Region. Int J Med Res Prof. 2017; 3(1):153-55.
Jayashree M, Singhi S. Changing trends and predictors of outcome in patients with acute poisoning admitted to the intensive care. J Trop Pediatr. 2011 Oct;57(5):340-6. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/tropej/fmq099. Epub 2010 Oct 26.
Narayan Prasad Modi , Braja Kishore Dash , Smita Satapathy , Anil Kumar Mohanty Trends of Acute poisoning cases in a tertiary care hospital in Odisha, India: a prospective study, IOSR-JDMS,2014 ,13:11 ; 12-17.
Rathore S, Verma AK, Pandey A, Kumar S. Pediatric poisoning trend in Lucknow District, India. J Forensic Res 2013;4: 179.
Ganga N, Rajarajeswari G. Poisoning in children. Indian Pediatr. 2001 Feb;38(2):208.
Ahmad SH, Fakhir S, Gupta S, Singh RK. Celphos poisoning. Indian Pediatr. 1991 Mar;28(3):300-1.
Gupta P, Singh RP, Murali MV, Bhargava SK, Sharma P. Kerosene oil poisoning--a childhood menace. Indian Pediatr. 1992 Aug;29(8):979-84.
Mandal A, Pal AC, Das PK, Dutta AK. Clinico-epidemiological profile of poisoning in children in a rural based medical college and hospital. IOSR J Dent Med Sci 2016;15:50-5.
OAI - Open Archives Initiative
