Dengue serology–role of NS1 antigen: evaluation and future prospect
Keywords:
Dengue, NS 1 Antigen, Immunochromatographic test (ICT)
Abstract
Introduction: According to the estimates, nearly 70% of the disease burden occurs in Asia and is on constant rise. Dengue virus infection has emerged as a major public health concern across the globe in terms of mortality, morbidity and public health cost.
Aims & Objectives: This study was undertaken to evaluate the significance of NS1 Ag detection in dengue IgM negative sera as marker for early detection and to compare the rapid detection test kits (RDT’s) with Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Material & Method: A total of 5283 samples from, were screened for dengue serology by Immunochromatography based lateral flow assay for presence of IgM and IgG anti Dengue antibody and NS 1 Ag. Results of 169 samples were further confirmed using ELISA technique for NS1 Ag in an attempt to compare RDT’s with ELISA.
Results: Out of 5283 samples screened, 146/5283 (2.76%) tested positive for dengue antibody, out of which 85/146(58.21%) were positive for DEN Ig M and 61/146(41.78%) showed presence of both IgG and IgM. Out of 5137 seronegative samples, 1930(37.57%) were positive for DEN NS1 Ag. Overall, sensitivity of RDT was 100.00%, specificity-90.16%, PPV- 94.73%, NPV-100.00 % and Efficiency of test -96.44%.
Conclusion: NS1 Ag assay holds promise as useful tool in early diagnosis for detecting dengue infection during acute phase of infection when IgM antibodies are not formed to the detectable levels. Also, accurate and affordable diagnostic tests are a crucial component of combating this debilitating mosquito-borne infection.
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References
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2. Kurane I. Dengue hemorrhagic fever with special emphasis on immunopathogenesis. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis.2007 Sept 30;(5-6):329–34. doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2007.05.010. [PubMed]
3. Guzman MG, Kourí, G. Dengue: an update. Lancet Infect Dis.2002 Jan;2(1):33-42. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(01)00171-2.
4. WHO: Dengue: guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control, new edition, a joint publication of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR).2009:91-106.
5. Kalyani D, Bai MM. Evaluation of immunochromatographic test in early serological diagnosis of dengue fever. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2012 Oct-Dec;55(4):610-1. doi: 10.4103/0377-4929.107863. [PubMed]
6. Bessoff K, Delorey M, Sun W, Hunsperger E. Comparison of two commercially available dengue virus (DENV) NS1 capture enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assays using a single clinical sample for diagnosis of acute DENV infection. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2008 Oct 15(10);:1513‑8. doi:10.1128/CVI.00140-08. [PubMed]
7. Dussart P, Labeau B, Lagathu G, Louis P, Nunes MR, Rodrigues SG et al. Evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay for detection of dengue virus NS1 antigen in human serum. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2006 Nov 11;13:1185‑9. Doi:10.1128/CVI.00229-06.
8. Kumarasamy V, Wahab AH, Chua SK, Hassan Z, Chem YK, Mohamad M et al. Evaluation of a commercial dengue NS1 antigen‑capture ELISA for laboratory diagnosis of acute dengue virus infection. J Virol Methods. 2007 Mar;140(1-2):75‑9. Doi:10.1016/j.jviromet.2006.11.001.
9. Datta S, Wattal C. Dengue NS1 antigen detection: A useful tool in early diagnosis of dengue virus infection. Indian J Med Microbiol 2010;28(2):107‑10. Doi:10.4103/0255-0857.62484. [PubMed]
10. Guzman, M G. & Kouri, G. Dengue diagnosis, advances and challenges. Int J Infect Dis.2004 Mar;8(2):69–80. Doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2003.03.003. [PubMed]
11. Vaughn, DW, Green S, Kalayanarooj S, Innis BL, Nimmannitya S, Suntayakorn S et al. Dengue viremia titer, antibody response pattern and virus serotype correlate with disease severity. J Infect Dis.2000 Jan;181(1): 2–9. Doi:10.1086/315215. [PubMed]
12. Sheemar S, Mahajan G, Chopra S, Kaur J .Non-structural protein 1 antigen capture kit as an early dengue diagnostic tool. J Med Soc.2012 Dec;26(3):154-5. Doi:10.4103/0972-4958.113223.
13. Kao CL, King CC, Chao DY, Wu HL, Chang GJ. Laboratory diagnosis of dengue virus infection: current and future perspectives in clinical diagnosis and public health. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2005 Feb;38(1):5-16. PMID-15692621.
14. Teles FR, Prazeres DM, Lima-Filho JL.Trends in dengue diagnosis. Rev Med Virol. 2005 Sept-Oct;15(5):287-302. Doi:10.1002/rmv.461. [PubMed]
15. Wang SM, Sekaran SD. Evaluation of a commercial SD dengue virus NS1mantigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for early diagnosis of dengue virus infection. J Clin Microbiol. 2010 Aug;48(8):2793-7. Doi:10.1128/JCM.02142-09.
16. Alcon S, Talarmin A, Debruyne M, Falconar A, Deubel V, Flamand M.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay specific to Dengue virus type 1 nonstructural protein NS1 reveals circulation of the antigen in the blood during the acute phase of disease in patients experiencing primary or secondary infections. J Clin Microbiol. 2002 Feb;40(2):376-381. Doi:10.1128/JCM.40.2.376-381.2002.
17. Xu H, Di B, Pan YX, Qiu LW, Wang YD, Hao W et al.Serotype 1-specific monoclonal antibody-based antigen capture immunoassay for detection of circulating nonstructural protein NS1: Implications for early diagnosis and serotyping of dengue virus infections. J Clin Microbiol. 2006 Aug;44(8):2872-8. Doi:10.1128/JCM.00777-06.
18. Hsieh CJ, Chen MJ. The commercial dengue NS1 antigen-capture ELISA may be superior to IgM detection, virus isolation and RT-PCR for rapid laboratory diagnosis of acute dengue infection based on a single serum sample. J ClinVirol. 2009 Jan;44(1):102. DOI:10.1016/j.jcv.2008.10.003.
19. Qiu LW, Di B, Wen K, Wang XS, Liang WH, Wang YD et al. Development of an antigen capture immunoassay based on monoclonal antibodies specific for dengue virus serotype 2 nonstructural protein 1 for early and rapid identification of dengue virus serotype 2 infections. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2009 Jan;16(1):88-95. Doi:10.1128/CVI.00212-08.
20. Hang VT, Nguyet NM, Trung DT, Tricou V, Yoksan S, Dung NM et al. Diagnostic accuracy of NS1 ELISA and lateral flow rapid tests for dengue sensitivity, specificity and relationship to viraemia and antibody responses. PLoSNegl Trop Dis 2009,3:e360. Doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000360.
21. Huhtamo E, Hasu E, Uzcategui NY, Erra E, Nikkari S, Kantele A, Vapalahti O, Piiparinen H: Early diagnosis of dengue in travelers: comparison of a novel real-time RT-PCR, NS1 antigen detection and serology. J ClinVirol. 2010 Jan;47(1):49-53. Doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2009.11.001.
22. Lam SK, Devine PL. Evaluation of capture ELISA and rapid immunochromatographic test for determination of IgM and IgG antibodies produced during dengue infection. ClinDiagnVirol 1998 May;10(1):75-81. PMID:9646004.
23. Vianney T, Hang TT Vu, Nhu VN Quynh, Chau VV Nguyen, Hien T Tran, Jeremy Farrar et.al. Comparison of two dengue NS1 rapid tests for sensitivity, specificity and relationship to viraemia and antibody responses. BMC Infect Dis 2010;10:142. Doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-10-142.
24. Pal S, Dauner AL, Mitra I, Forshey BM, Garcia P, Morrison AC et al. Evaluation of Dengue NS1 antigen rapid tests and ELISA kits using Clinical samples. PLoS ONE. 2014 Nov;9(11);1-8. Doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0113411.
25. Sahu SK, Ghosh SK, Behera1 SK,Mohanty DP, Thakur S. Use of rapid test kit and ELISA for detection of NS1 Antigen and Ig M antibody in suspected dengue fever. Int J Microbiol parasite. 2015 Feb 16;1(1);1-3.
CITATION
DOI: 10.17511/ijmrr.2016.i08.10
Published: 2016-08-31
How to Cite
1.
Kumar S, Sandhu R, Sayal P, Dahiya S, Budhani D. Dengue serology–role of NS1 antigen: evaluation and future prospect. Int J Med Res Rev [Internet]. 2016Aug.31 [cited 2024Apr.26];4(8):1335-9. Available from: https://ijmrr.medresearch.in/index.php/ijmrr/article/view/650
Section
Original Article
OAI - Open Archives Initiative
