Anaesthetic management of a case of atrial septal defect with mild pulmonary hypertension with bronchial asthma coming for emergency LSCS
Abstract
ASD one of the most common acyanotic congenital heart disease in women of child bearing age and pregnancy, it accounts for about 10% of all congenital heart disease. During pregnancy ASD is usually well tolerated. Bronchial asthma can complicate 1-7% of pregnancies. Uncontrolled asthma may produce serious maternal and fetal complications like PAH, fetal hypoxemia. These patients are considered to have high risk for anaesthesia due to increased perioperative cardiovascular and pulmonary complications. During anaesthesia our objectives are to avoid hypotension, hypoxemia, reversal of shunt and fluid overload.
Downloads
References
David H Chestnut. Principles and practice of obstetric anaesthesia Elsevier Mosby-Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 2004;3:707-33.
Kuczhowski KM. Labour analgesia for parturient with cardiac disease – what does an obstetrician need to know? Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2004 Mar;83(3):223-33.doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0001-6349.2004.0430.x.
Smedstad KG, Cramb R, Morrison DH. Pulmonary hypertension and pregnancy: a series of eight cases. Can J. Anaesth 1994 Jun; 41(6):502-12.doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03011545.
NAEPP Expert Panel Report. Managing asthma during pregnancy: recommendations for pharmacological treatment- update 2004. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005 Jan; 115(1): 34-46.doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2004.10.023.
Atanassoff P, Alon E, Schmid ER, Pasch TH. Epidural anaesthesia for caesarean section in a patient with severe pulmonary hypertension. Acta Anaesth Scand 1989; 33:75-7.doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-6576.1990.tb03046.x.
Sullivan JM, Ramanathan KB. Management of medical problems in pregnancy-severe cardiac disease. N Engl J Med. 1985 Aug 1;313(5):304-9.doi: https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198508013130506.
Harnett M, Mushlin PS, Camann WR. Cardiovascular disease. In: Chestnut DH, ed. Obstetric anesthesia: principles and practice, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Science, Mosby; 2004;707-33
Lewis J. Rubin. Primary Pulmonary Hypertension. N Engl J Med. 1997 Jan; 336(2): 111-17.doi: https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm199701093360207.
Khan MJ, Bhatt SB, Krye JJ. Anesthetic consideration for parturient with Primary Pulmonary Hypertension: review of literature and clinical presentation. International J of Obst. Anesthesia 1996; 5(1): 36-42.doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-289X(96)80072-0.
Bracken MB, Triche EW, Belanger K, et al. Asthma symptoms, severity, and drug therapy: a prospective study of effects on 2205 pregnancies. Obstet Gynecol. 2003 Oct; 102(4): 739-52.doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(03)00621-5.
Johnson MD, Saltzman DH. Cardiac disease. In: Datta S (Ed.). Anesthetic and Obstetric Management of High-Risk Pregnancy. St. Louis: Mosby - Year Book, Inc, 1991; 237: 245-51.
Roessler P, Lamberet TF. Anaesthesia for caesarean section in the presence of primary pulmonary hypertension. Anaesth Intensive care. 1986 Aug; 14(3):317-20.doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0310057x8601400312.