Outcome of pregnancy subsequent to abruptio placentae

Abstract

Introduction: The process of child bearing is a beautiful experience for a woman but unfortunately it is fraught with some unpredictable dangers. One of them is an abruptio placenta which is defined as “the premature separation of a normally implanted placenta, before the delivery of the fetus. It occurs in up to 1.0% of all pregnancy and can be associated with severe maternal and fetal complications.

Material and Methods: The study done on antenatal patients of Sultania Zanana Hospital, Bhopal from 1stapril 2008 to 31st march 2009. Patients clinically diagnosed as abruptio placentae were included in the study and were followed throughout their stay in the hospital.

Result: The study showed the incidence of abruptio placenta to be 1.6%. It was found 1.8 times more commonly in multigravida than primigravida patients. Incidence was found much higher in patients with PIH, Pre-eclempsia and eclempsia (4.35%?). The association of maternal smoking and placental abruption has been well documented and in our study 9.6% of patients were found to be smokers. The incidence of abruptio placentae was 2.3% among multifetal gestation which is 1.43 times the incidence in general population. Preterm deliveries showed an increased incidence of abruptio placentae. Mortality rate of babies in our study was 52.05%.

Conclusion: This study denoted that high parity, younger age,,PIH, pre-eclempsia, eclempsia, multifetal gestation and smoking are the major risk factors for abruptio placentae. Thus proper antenatal care, proper booking, screening of high risk factors, timely referral are the various pillars need to be strengthened in our population to reduce the occurrence and the complication arising out of this catastrophe.