Impact of Lycopene intervention on serum homocysteine in patients of Myocardial Infarction
Keywords:
Myocardial Infarction, S. Homocysteine, Lycopene, Antioxidant
Abstract
Introduction: Myocardial Infarction occurs due to any obstruction in coronary arteries leading to ischemia followed by infarction. It is characterized by systemic inflammation, elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines and atherosclerotic plaques. Plaque formation and Inflammation are significant contributor in the pathophysiology of MI. Antioxidants slow the progression of MI because of their ability to inhibit inflammatory processes. The aim of this study was to test an intervention in patients with MI to assess the effect of dietary lycopene on one of the independent risk factor for MI i. e Serum Homocysteine.
Methods: Sixty participants with MI were randomly assigned to two groups: with lycopene intervention and without intervention. The intervention group received 27.212 mg of lycopene per day by drinking 1 serve (approx. 243 grams) of tomato soup for 90 days. Serum lycopene, and Serum Homocysteine were measured.
Results: Plasma lycopene levels increased in the intervention group as compared with the non intervention group (0.50 µmol/L to 0.75 µmol/L, P = .002; 0.55 µmol/L to 0.57 µmol/L). Mean serum Homocysteine levels decreased significantly in the intervention group. The mean serum Homocysteine in pre intervention group was 29.77 µmol / L with S.D of 6.97 µmol / L and in post intervention subjects was 11 µmol / L with S.D of 1.96 µmol / L with a p value of 0.0001 which is statistically significant.
Conclusions: These findings show that the antioxidant Lycopene in a 90-day intervention of tomato soup significantly decreases S. Hcy (Homocysteine) levels in a sample of patients with MI.
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References
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32. Starkebaum G, Harlan JM. Endothelial cell injury due to copper-catalyzed hydrogen peroxide generation from homocysteine. J Clin Invest. 1986 Apr;77(4):1370-6. [PubMed]
33. Agarwal A, Shen H, Agarwal S, Rao AV. Lycopene Content of Tomato Products: Its Stability, Bioavailability and In Vivo Antioxidant Properties. J Med Food. 2001 Spring;4(1):9-15.
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37. He J, Ogden LG, Vupputuri S, Bazzano LA, Loria C, Whelton PK. Dietary sodium intake and subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease in overweight adults. JAMA. 1999 Dec 1;282(21):2027-34. [PubMed]
38. Bentley B, De Jong MJ, Moser DK, Peden AR. Factors related to nonadherence to low sodium diet recommendations in heart failure patients. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2005 Dec;4(4):331-6. Epub 2005 Jun 2.
2. Hak AE, Stampfer MJ, Campos H, Sesso HD, Gaziano JM, Willett W, Ma J. Plasma carotenoids and tocopherols and risk of myocardial infarction in a low-risk population of US male physicians. Circulation. 2003 Aug 19;108(7):802-7. Epub 2003 Aug 4. [PubMed]
3. Sesso HD, Buring JE, Norkus EP, Gaziano JM. Plasma lycopene, other carotenoids, and retinol and the risk of cardiovascular disease in women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Jan;79(1):47-53. [PubMed]
4. Rao AV, Agarwal S. Role of antioxidant lycopene in cancer and heart disease. J Am Coll Nutr. 2000 Oct;19(5):563-9. [PubMed]
5. Klipstein-Grobusch K, Launer LJ, Geleijnse JM, Boeing H, Hofman A, Witteman JC. Serum carotenoids and atherosclerosis. The Rotterdam Study. Atherosclerosis. 2000 Jan;148(1):49-56. [PubMed]
6. Heymans S, Hirsch E, Anker SD, Aukrust P, Balligand JL, Cohen-Tervaert JW, Drexler H, Filippatos G, Felix SB, Gullestad L, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, Janssens S,Latini R, Neubauer G, Paulus WJ, Pieske B, Ponikowski P, Schroen B, Schultheiss HP, Tschöpe C, Van Bilsen M, Zannad F, McMurray J, Shah AM. Inflammation as a therapeutic target in heart failure? A scientific statement from the Translational Research Committee of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur J Heart Fail. 2009 Feb;11(2):119-29. doi: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfn043. [PubMed]
7. Mann DL. Targeted anticytokine therapy and the failing heart. Am J Cardiol. 2005 Jun 6;95(11A):9C-16C; discussion 38C-40C. [PubMed]
8. Pashkow FJ. Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Heart Disease: Do Antioxidants Have a Role in Treatment and/or Prevention? Int J Inflam. 2011;2011:514623. doi: 10.4061/2011/514623. Epub 2011 Aug 11. [PubMed]
9. Rissanen TH, Voutilainen S, Nyyssönen K, Salonen R, Kaplan GA, Salonen JT. Serum lycopene concentrations and carotid atherosclerosis: the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk FactorStudy. [PubMed]
10. Mak S, Newton GE. The oxidative stress hypothesis of congestive heart failure: radical thoughts. Chest. 2001 Dec;120(6):2035-46. [PubMed]
11. Ferrari R, Guardigli G, Mele D, Percoco GF, Ceconi C, Curello S. Oxidative stress during myocardial ischaemia and heart failure. Curr Pharm Des. 2004;10(14):1699-711. [PubMed]
12. Thomson MJ, Puntmann V, Kaski JC. Atherosclerosis and oxidant stress: the end of the road for antioxidant vitamin treatment? Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2007 Jun;21(3):195-210. [PubMed]
13. Patel RP, Moellering D, Murphy-Ullrich J, Jo H, Beckman JS, Darley-Usmar VM. Cell signaling by reactive nitrogen and oxygen species in atherosclerosis. Free Radic Biol Med. 2000 Jun 15;28(12):1780-94. [PubMed]
14. Trachtenberg BH, Hare JM. Biomarkers of oxidative stress in heart failure. Heart Fail Clin. 2009 Oct;5(4):561-77. doi: 10.1016/j.hfc.2009.04.003. [PubMed]
15. Valko M, Leibfritz D, Moncol J, Cronin MT, Mazur M, Telser J. Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2007;39:44-84. [PubMed]
16. Levitan EB, Wolk A, Mittleman MA. Relation of consistency with the dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet and incidence of heart failure inmen aged 45 to 79 years. Am J Cardiol. 2009 Nov 15;104(10):1416-20. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.06.061. Epub 2009 Sep 25. [PubMed]
17. Pfister R, Sharp SJ, Luben R, Wareham NJ, Khaw KT. Plasma vitamin C predicts incident heart failure in men and women in European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Norfolk prospective study. Am Heart J. 2011 Aug;162(2):246-53. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2011.05.007. Epub 2011 Jul 7. [PubMed]
18. Arab L, Steck S. Lycopene and cardiovascular disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Jun;71(6 Suppl):1691S-5S; discussion 1696S-7S. [PubMed]
19. Kohlmeier L, Hastings SB. Epidemiologic evidence of a role of carotenoids in cardiovascular disease prevention. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995 Dec;62(6 Suppl):1370S-1376S.
20. Harrison’s principles of internal medicine, 17th edition. United States of America :The McGraw-Hill Companies.2007-08.
21. Folsom AR, Nieto FJ, McGovern PG, et al: Prospective study of coronary heart disease incidence in relation to fasting total homocysteine, related genetic polymorphisms, and B vitamins: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Circulation 98:204–210, 1998.
22. Brattström L, Wilcken DE, Ohrvik J, Brudin L. Common methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene mutation leads to hyperhomocysteinemia but not to vascular disease: the result of a meta-analysis. Circulation. 1998 Dec 8;98(23):2520-6.
23. Poddar, R, Sivasubramanian, N, DiBello, PM, et al. Homocysteine induces expression and secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-8 in human aortic endothelial cells: implications for vascular disease. Circulation 2001; 103:2717-2723.
24. Majors A, Ehrhart LA, Pezacka EH. Homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease. Enhanced collagen production and accumulation by smooth muscle cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1997 Oct;17(10):2074-81.
25. Welch GN, Loscalzo J. Homocysteine and atherothrombosis. N Engl J Med. 1998 Apr 9;338(15):1042-50.26. Nygård O, Nordrehaug JE, Refsum H, Ueland PM, Farstad M, Vollset SE. Plasma homocysteine levels and mortality in patients with coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med. 1997 Jul 24;337(4):230-6. [PubMed]
26. Homocysteine Studies Collaboration. Homocysteine and risk of ischemic heart disease and stroke: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2002 Oct 23-30;288(16):2015-22. [PubMed]
27. Polidori MC, Savino K, Alunni G, Freddio M, Senin U, Sies H, Stahl W, Mecocci P. Plasma lipophilic antioxidants and malondialdehyde in congestive heart failure patients: relationship to disease severity. Free Radic Biol Med. 2002 Jan 15;32(2):148-52.
28. Polidori MC, Praticó D, Savino K, Rokach J, Stahl W, Mecocci P. Increased F2 isoprostane plasma levels in patients with congestive heart failure are correlated with antioxidant status and disease severity. J Card Fail. 2004 Aug;10(4):334-8.
29. Rexrode KM, Carey VJ, Hennekens CH, Walters EE, Colditz GA, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC, Manson JE. Abdominal adiposity and coronary heart disease in women. JAMA. 1998 Dec 2;280(21):1843-8. [PubMed]
30. Testa G, Cacciatore F, Galizia G. Waist circumference but not body mass index predicts long-term mortality in elderly subjects with chronic cardiac failure. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2010; 58:1433-1440. [PubMed]
31. Hu G, Jousilahti P, Antikainen R, Katzmarzyk PT, Tuomilehto J. Joint effects of physical activity, body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio on the risk of heart failure. Circulation. 2010 Jan 19;121(2):237-44. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.887893. Epub 2010 Jan 4.
32. Starkebaum G, Harlan JM. Endothelial cell injury due to copper-catalyzed hydrogen peroxide generation from homocysteine. J Clin Invest. 1986 Apr;77(4):1370-6. [PubMed]
33. Agarwal A, Shen H, Agarwal S, Rao AV. Lycopene Content of Tomato Products: Its Stability, Bioavailability and In Vivo Antioxidant Properties. J Med Food. 2001 Spring;4(1):9-15.
34. Poland B, Frohlich K, Haines RJ, Mykhalovskiy E, Rock M, Sparks R. The social context of smoking: the next frontier in tobacco control? Tob Control. 2006 Feb;15(1):59-63. [PubMed]
35. Hadley CW, Clinton SK, Schwartz SJ. The consumption of processed tomato products enhances plasma lycopene concentrations in association with a reduced lipoprotein sensitivity to oxidative damage. J Nutr. 2003 Mar; 133(3):727-32. [PubMed]
36. He J, Ogden LG, Bazzano LA, Vupputuri S, Loria C,Whelton PK. Dietary sodium intake and incidence of congestive cardiac failure in overweight us men and women: First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Epidemiologic Follow-up Study. Arch Intern Med. 2002 Jul 22;162(14):1619-24.
37. He J, Ogden LG, Vupputuri S, Bazzano LA, Loria C, Whelton PK. Dietary sodium intake and subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease in overweight adults. JAMA. 1999 Dec 1;282(21):2027-34. [PubMed]
38. Bentley B, De Jong MJ, Moser DK, Peden AR. Factors related to nonadherence to low sodium diet recommendations in heart failure patients. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2005 Dec;4(4):331-6. Epub 2005 Jun 2.
CITATION
DOI: 10.17511/ijmrr.2015.i11.241
Published: 2015-12-31
How to Cite
1.
P Chauhan A, K Shah P. Impact of Lycopene intervention on serum homocysteine in patients of Myocardial Infarction. Int J Med Res Rev [Internet]. 2015Dec.31 [cited 2024Nov.22];3(11):1327-32. Available from: https://ijmrr.medresearch.in/index.php/ijmrr/article/view/415
Section
Original Article
OAI - Open Archives Initiative
