Study of BMI and Waist Hip Ratio of Indians with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus
Keywords:
Body Mass Index, Clinical Profile, Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. UCP2 locus on human chromosome 11 is linked to obesity and hyperinsulinism.
Methods: A case control study was carried out in the Department of Medicine comprising 50 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 50 healthy controls. All patients and controls were subjected to a detailed history physical examination and investigations. Information on age, sex, body weight, height, waist and hip circumference, and BMI (wt. (kg)/ht. (mtr2)) were obtained.
Results: The body mass index (BMI) of the study subjects was cases - 23.94 ± 1.83 kg/m2, controls - 22.8 ± 1.38 kg/m2 (P < 0.001). Prevalence of an abnormal value of waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was found to be 46% in the cases. Of the cases, 58% had poor glycemic control.
Discussion and Conclusion: BMI is strongly and independently associated with the risk of being diagnosed with T2D. We found that, compared with normal BMI, overweight and obesity was statistically significantly associated with the risk of being diagnosed with T2D among individuals without any other prior evidence of T2D, suggests that the disease might be on track of changing its trend or the patients are reporting at a late stage due to health disparities. Central obesity was present in the studied population, with generalized obesity, making the population prone to insulin resistance. The mean values and the prevalence of abnormal values of BMI, WC, and WHR were higher in the cases than in the controls.
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References
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2. Michael L Ganz1, Neil Wintfeld2, Qian Li1, Veronica Alas1, Jakob Langer2 and Mette Hammer2, association of BMI with risk of type 2 diabetes. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome3 april 2014, 6:50 doi:10.1186/1758-5996-6-503. [PubMed]
3. Barma PD, Ranabir S, Prasad L, Singh TP. Clinical and biochemical profi le of lean type 2 diabetes mellitus. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Jul;15(Suppl 1):S40-3. doi: 10.4103/2230-8210.83061. [PubMed]
4. Patel M1, Patel IM, Patel YM, Rathi SK.A hospital-based observational study of type 2 diabetic subjects from Gujarat, J Health Popul Nutr. 2011 Jun;29(3):265-72. [PubMed]
5. Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Shetiy AS, Nanditha A. Trends in prevalence of diabetes in Asian countries. World J Diabetes 2012;3:110-7. [PubMed]
6. Ebrahim S, Kinra S, Bowen L, Andersen E, Ben-Shlomo Y, Lyngdoh T, et al. Indian Migration Study Group. The effect of rural-to-urban migration on obesity and diabetes in India: A cross-sectional study. April 27, 2010DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000268. [PubMed]
7. American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes–2008. Diabetes Care 2008;31 Suppl 1:S12-54. [PubMed]
8. Expert Panel on Detection, Evalution, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. JAMA 2001;285:2486-97. [PubMed]
9. Misra A, Chowbey P, Makkar BM, Vikram NK, Wasir JS, Chadha D, et al. Consensus statement for diagnosis of obesity, abdominal obesity and the metabolic syndrome for Asian Indians and recommendations for physical activity, medical and surgical management. J Assoc Physicians India. 2009 Feb;57:163-70. [PubMed]
10. Agrawal RP, Ranka M, Beniwal R, Gothwal SR, Jain GC, Kochar DK, et al. Prevalence of micro and macro vascular complications in type 2 diabetes and their risk factors. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2004;24:11-6.[PubMed]
11. Sinharoy K, Mandal L, Chakrabarti S, Paul UK, Bandyopadhyay R, Basu AK. A study on clinical and biochemical profile of low body weight type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Indian Med Assoc 2008;106:747-50. [PubMed]
12. Mukhyaprana MP, Vidyasagar S, Shashikiran J. Clinical prolife of type 2 diabetes mellitus and body mass index. Is there any correlation? Calicut Med J 2004;2:e3.
13. Al-Kaabi J, Al-Maskari F, Saadi H, Afandi B, Parkar H, Nagelkerke N. Assessment of dietary practice among diabetic patients in the United Arab Emirates. Rev Diabet Stud 2008;5:110-5. [PubMed]
14. Asmathulla S., Dr. Ragunathan, Mr. Ramchandar. Assessment of Ischemic Heart Disease and its Risk Factors among Asymptomatic Hospital Visitors.indian journal of biomedical and advanced research2013;vol4,No6.
15. Vikram NK, Tandon N, Misra A, Srivastava MC, Pandey RM, Mithal A, et al. Correlates of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children, adolescents and young adults in north India: A multisite collaborative case-control study. Diabet Med 2006;23:293-8.[PubMed]
16. Gupta S, Kapse A. Lipid profile pattern in diabetics from central India. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2001;21:138-45.
17. Abdel-Aal NM, Ahmad AT, Froelicher ES, Batieha AM, Hamza MM, Ajlouni KM. Prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients with type 2 diabetes in Jordan. Saudi Med J 2008;29:1423-8. [PubMed]
18. Singh S, Badaya S. Factors influencing uptake of cervical cancer screening among women in India: A hospital based pilot study. J Community Med Health Educ 2012;2:157.
19. Frank B. Hu, MD; Meir J. Stampfer, MD; Caren Solomon, MD; Simin Liu, MD; Graham A. Colditz, MD; Frank E. Speizer, MD; Walter C. Willett, MD; and JoAnn E. Manson, MD. Physical Activity and Risk for Cardiovascular Events in Diabetic Women 16 January 2001, Vol 134, No. 2. Cited on aug 2014.
20. Barnett AH, Dixon AN, Bellary S, Hanif MW, O’Hare JP, Raymond NT,Kumar S. Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk in the UK south Asian community. Diabetologia 2006;49:2234-46. [PubMed]
21. Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Satyavani K, Sivasankari S, Vijay V. Metabolic syndrome in urban Asian Indian adults: A population study using modifi ed ATP III criteria. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2003;60:199-204. [PubMed]
22. Al-Adsani A, Memon A, Suresh A. Pattern and determinants of dyslipidaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Kuwait. Acta Diabetol 2004;41:129-35. [PubMed]
23. Grant RW, Meigs JB. Prevalence and treatment of low HDL cholesterol among primary care patients with type 2 diabetes: An unmet challenge for cardiovascular risk reduction. Diabetes Care 2007;30:479-84.[PubMed]
24. Hammoudeh AJ, Haddad J, Al-Mousa E. Is dyslipidemia in Middle Eastern patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus different from that in the west. The Jordan hyperlipidemia and related targets study (JoHARTS-3). Clin Diabetes 2006;5:128-31.
25. Hokanson JE, Austin MA. Plasma triglyceride level is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease independent of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level: A meta-analysis of population-based prospective studies. J Cardiovasc Risk 1996;3:213-9.
26. Adamu G Bakari and Geoffrey C Onyemelukwe: Insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic Nigerians. Diabetes & metabolism 2005 13, 24-27.
27. Akira Katsuki, MD, Yasuhiro Sumida, MD Rika Araki Sasaki, MD et al: Homeostasis Model Assessment is a reliable indicator of insulin resistance during follow up of patients with type 2 diabetes, Diabetes care 24:362-365, 2001. [PubMed]
28. Michael L Ganz, Neil Wintfeld2, Qian Li, Veronica Alas, Jakob Langer, Mette Hammer. The association of body mass index with the risk of type 2 diabetes: a case–control study nested in an electronic health records system in the United States. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome 2014, 6:50.
29. Koichi Akiyama, fumihiko Takcuchi, Masato Isono, Sureka Chakrawarthy. Systemic fine mapping of association with BMI and type 2 diabetes at FTO locus by integrating results from multiple ethnic groups. June 30, 2014.
CITATION
DOI: 10.17511/ijmrr.2014.i06.14
Published: 2014-12-31
How to Cite
1.
Purohit A, Tiwari V. Study of BMI and Waist Hip Ratio of Indians with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Med Res Rev [Internet]. 2014Dec.31 [cited 2024Dec.23];2(6):592-8. Available from: https://ijmrr.medresearch.in/index.php/ijmrr/article/view/163
Section
Original Article
OAI - Open Archives Initiative
